Japan : Selected Issues.
Japan has a universal public pension system. Social security spending is a key fiscal policy challenge in Japan. The 2004 pension reforms have increased the ratio of the government subsidy to the basic pension benefit. Three reform measures are necessary to improve pension finances: an increase in p...
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| Format: | Journal |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Washington, D.C. :
International Monetary Fund,
2012.
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| Series: | IMF Staff Country Reports; Country Report ;
No. 2012/209 |
| Online Access: | Full text available on IMF |